---
title: Reserved Keywords
description: This topic lists the SQL++ for Enterprise Analytics reserved keywords.
pubDate: 2026-08-17T09:53:44.266Z
antora:
  editUrl: https://github.com/couchbaselabs/docs-enterprise-analytics/edit/release/2.0/modules/sqlpp/pages/reserved_keywords.adoc
  xref: xref:2.0@enterprise-analytics:sqlpp:reserved_keywords.adoc[]
---

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# Reserved Keywords

> This topic lists the SQL++ for Enterprise Analytics reserved keywords. 

To include an identifier that is the same as a reserved keyword in a query, you must escape, or delimit, it with backtick (``` `` ```) characters.

You must also delimit an identifier if it contains the dash `-` character, which is also used as an [operator](2%5Fexpr.md#Operator%5Fexpressions) symbol.

For an example of the error that occurs when you do not escape a reserved keyword, see [Syntax Errors](4%5Ferror.md#Syntax%5Ferrors).

> [!TIP]
> The following keywords are reserved regardless of the case you use to enter them. Identifiers are case sensitive.

|            |           |            |               |           |            |
| ---------- | --------- | ---------- | ------------- | --------- | ---------- |
| ADAPTER    | ALL       | ANALYZE    | AND           | ANY       | APPLY      |
| AS         | ASC       | AT         | AUTOGENERATED | BETWEEN   | BTREE      |
| BUCKET     | BY        | CASE       | CAST          | CLOSED    | COLLECTION |
| COMPACTION | COMPACT   | CONNECT    | COPY          | CORRELATE | CREATE     |
| CROSS      | DATABASE  | DATASET    | DATAVERSE     | DECLARE   | DEFINITION |
| DELETE     | DESC      | DISCONNECT | DISTINCT      | DIV       | DROP       |
| ELEMENT    | ELSE      | END        | ENFORCED      | EVERY     | EXCEPT     |
| EXISTS     | EXPLAIN   | EXTERNAL   | FALSE         | FEED      | FILTER     |
| FLATTEN    | FOR       | FROM       | FULL          | FULLTEXT  | FUNCTION   |
| GROUP      | HAVING    | HINTS      | IF            | IN        | INDEX      |
| INGESTION  | INNER     | INSERT     | INTERNAL      | INTERSECT | INTO       |
| IS         | JOIN      | KEY        | KEYWORD       | KNOWN     | LEFT       |
| LET        | LETTING   | LIKE       | LIMIT         | LINK      | LOAD       |
| MISSING    | MOD       | NGRAM      | NODEGROUP     | NOT       | NULL       |
| OFFSET     | ON        | OPEN       | OR            | ORDER     | OUTER      |
| OUTPUT     | OVER      | PATH       | POLICY        | PRESORTED | PRIMARY    |
| RAW        | REFRESH   | RETURN     | RETURNING     | RIGHT     | RTREE      |
| RUN        | SATISFIES | SECONDARY  | SELECT        | SET       | SHADOW     |
| SOME       | START     | STOP       | SYNONYM       | TEMPORARY | THEN       |
| TO         | TRANSFORM | TRUE       | TRUNCATE      | TYPE      | UNION      |
| UNKNOWN    | UNNEST    | UPDATE     | UPSERT        | USE       | USING      |
| VALUE      | VALUED    | VIEW       | WHEN          | WHERE     | WITH       |