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Conditional Functions for Numbers

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    Conditional functions evaluate expressions to determine if the values and formulas meet the specified condition.

    IFINF(expr1, expr2, …​)

    This function has a synonym IF_INF().

    Description

    Evaluates a list of expressions and returns the first finite number.

    The function ignores MISSING and infinite values. If it encounters NULL or any non-numeric value before finding a finite number, the function returns NULL.

    Arguments

    expr1, expr2, …​

    [Required] A list of valid expressions to evaluate. You must specify at least 2 expressions.

    Return Value

    The function returns 1 of the following:

    • The first finite number.

    • NULL if it encounters NULL or a non-number before finding a finite number.

    Example

    Example 1. Find the first non-infinite number from a list of values
    Query
    SELECT IFINF(5, 10, 20),
       IFINF(INF(), -INF(), 5, 10),
       IFINF(POWER(10, 400), 5, 10),
       IFINF(2.001e340, 5),
       IFINF(NULL, 5, 10),
       IFINF(MISSING, 5, NULL),
       IFINF(MISSING, NULL, 5, 10);
    Result
    [
  {
    "$1": 5,
    "$2": 5,
    "$3": 5,
    "$4": 5,
    "$5": null,
    "$6": 5,
    "$7": null
  }
]

    In this example:

    • The functions INF() and -INF() return positive and negative infinity, respectively.

    • The function POWER(10, 400) and the expression 2.001e340 return positive infinity because they exceed the maximum representable finite number.

    IFNAN(expr1, expr2, …​)

    This function has a synonym IF_NAN().

    Description

    Evaluates a list of expressions and returns the first valid number that’s not NaN (Not a Number).

    The function ignores MISSING and NaN values. If it encounters NULL or any other non-number before finding a valid number, the function returns NULL.

    Arguments

    expr1, expr2, …​

    [Required] A list of valid expressions to evaluate. You must specify at least 2 expressions.

    Return Value

    The function returns 1 of the following:

    • The first valid number.

    • NULL if it encounters NULL or a non-number before finding a number.

    Example

    Example 2. Find a non-NaN number from a list of values
    Query
    SELECT IFNAN(5, 10, 20, NAN()),
       IFNAN(SQRT(-1), 5, 10),
       IFNAN("abc", 5, NULL, 10),
       IFNAN(NULL, 5, 10),
       IFNAN(MISSING, 5, NULL),
       IFNAN(MISSING, NULL, 5, 10),
       IFNAN(NAN(), 5, 10);
    Result
    [
  {
    "$1": 5,
    "$2": 5,
    "$3": null,
    "$4": null,
    "$5": 5,
    "$6": null,
    "$7": 5
  }
]

    In this example:

    • The function NAN() returns a NaN value.

    • The function SQRT(-1) also returns NaN because the square root of a negative number is not a real number.

    IFNANORINF(expr1, expr2, …​)

    This function has a synonym IF_NAN_OR_INF().

    Description

    Evaluates a list of expressions and returns the first number that’s neither NaN (Not a Number) nor infinite.

    The function skips MISSING, NaN, and infinite values. If it encounters NULL or any other non-number before finding a valid number, the function returns NULL.

    Arguments

    expr1, expr2, …​

    [Required] A list of valid expressions to evaluate. You must specify at least 2 expressions.

    Return Value

    The function returns 1 of the following:

    • The first number that’s neither NaN nor infinite.

    • NULL if it encounters NULL or a non-number before finding such a number.

    Example

    Example 3. Find a number that’s neither NaN nor infinite from a list of values
    Query
    SELECT IFNANORINF(5, 10, NAN(), INF()),
       IFNANORINF(SQRT(-1), -INF(), 5, 10),
       IFNANORINF(2.001e340, 5, 10),
       IFNANORINF("abc", 5, NULL, 10),
       IFNANORINF(NULL, 5, 10),
       IFNANORINF(MISSING, 5, NULL);
    Result
    [
  {
    "$1": 5,
    "$2": 5,
    "$3": 5,
    "$4": null,
    "$5": null,
    "$6": 5
  }
]

    In this example:

    • The function NAN() returns a NaN value.

    • The functions INF() and -INF() return positive and negative infinity, respectively.

    • The function SQRT(-1) returns NaN because the square root of a negative number is not a real number.

    • The expression 2.001e340 returns positive infinity because it exceeds the maximum representable finite number.

    NANIF(expr1, expr2)

    This function has a synonym NAN_IF().

    Description

    Compares 2 expressions and returns NaN (Not a Number) if they’re equal; otherwise, it returns the value of the first expression.

    Arguments

    expr1

    [Required] A valid expression.

    expr2

    [Required] A valid expression to compare with expr1.

    Return Value

    The function returns 1 of the following:

    • "NaN" if expr1 is equal to expr2.

    • expr1 if the expressions are not equal.

    • NULL if either expression is MISSING or NULL.

    Example

    Example 4. Compare 2 values and return NaN if they’re equal
    Query
    SELECT NANIF(10, 10) AS nan_equal,
       NANIF(10, 5) AS nan_not_equal,
       NANIF(NULL, 5) AS nan_null;
    Result
    [
  {
    "nan_equal": "NaN",
    "nan_not_equal": 10,
    "nan_null": null
  }
]

    NEGINFIF(expr1, expr2)

    This function has a synonym NEGINF_IF().

    Description

    Compares 2 expressions and returns negative infinity if they’re equal; otherwise, it returns the value of the first expression.

    Arguments

    expr1

    [Required] A valid expression.

    expr2

    [Required] A valid expression to compare with expr1.

    Return Value

    The function returns 1 of the following:

    • "-Infinity" if expr1 is equal to expr2.

    • expr1 if the expressions are not equal.

    • NULL if either expression is MISSING or NULL.

    Example

    Example 5. Compare 2 values and return negative infinity if they’re equal
    Query
    SELECT NEGINFIF(10, 10) AS neg_inf_equal,
       NEGINFIF(10, 5) AS neg_inf_not_equal,
       NEGINFIF(NULL, 5) AS neg_inf_null;
    Result
    [
  {
    "neg_inf_equal": "-Infinity",
    "neg_inf_not_equal": 10,
    "neg_inf_null": null
  }
]

    POSINFIF(expr1, expr2)

    This function has a synonym POSINF_IF().

    Description

    Compares 2 expressions and returns positive infinity if they’re equal; otherwise, it returns the value of the first expression.

    Arguments

    expr1

    [Required] A valid expression.

    expr2

    [Required] A valid expression to compare with expr1.

    Return Value

    The function returns 1 of the following:

    • "+Infinity" if expr1 is equal to expr2.

    • expr1 if the expressions are not equal.

    • NULL if either expression is MISSING or NULL.

    Example

    Example 6. Compare 2 values and return positive infinity if they’re equal
    Query
    SELECT POSINFIF(10, 10) AS pos_inf_equal,
       POSINFIF(10, 5) AS pos_inf_not_equal,
       POSINFIF(NULL, 5) AS pos_inf_null;
    Result
    [
  {
    "pos_inf_equal": "+Infinity",
    "pos_inf_not_equal": 10,
    "pos_inf_null": null
  }
]